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Georgetown University Medical Center today announces the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has completed its review of an investigational new drug application (IND) for the use of nilotinib in a phase II clinical trial for patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease.
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It is a truism that aging of populations will result in large and potentially unmanageable increases in the number of older adults with dementia.
Georgetown University Medical Center today announces the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has completed its review of an investigational new drug application (IND) for the use of nilotinib in a phase II clinical trial for patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease.
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It is a truism that aging of populations will result in large and potentially unmanageable increases in the number of older adults with dementia.
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Dementia Big
It’s over a hundred years since the first case of Alzheimer’s disease was diagnosed. Since then we’ve learned a great deal about the protein ‘tangles’ and 'plaques’ that cause the disease. How close are we to having effective treatments – and could we even prevent dementia from occurring in the first place?
Dementia Big
Tau PET is a new and promising imaging method for Alzheimer’s disease. A case study from Lund University in Sweden now confirms that tau PET images correspond to a higher degree to actual changes in the brain. According to the researchers behind the study, this increases opportunities for developing effective drugs.
Dementia Big
Tau PET is a new and promising imaging method for Alzheimer’s disease. A case study from Lund University in Sweden now confirms that tau PET images correspond to a higher degree to actual changes in the brain. According to the researchers behind the study, this increases opportunities for developing effective drugs.
Dementia Big
Previous studies have demonstrated that an overall high level of mental work demands decreased dementia risk. In our study, we investigated whether this effect is driven by specific mental work demands and whether it is exposure dependent.
Dementia Big
Amyloid imaging has been integrated into diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). How amyloid tracers binding differ for different tracer structure and amyloid-β aggregate in autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) and sporadic AD is unclear.
Dementia Big
Brain structural changes in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are poorly understood.
Dementia Big
Biomarkers that identify individuals at risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development would be highly valuable. Plasma concentration of amyloid-β (Aβ)—central in the pathogenesis of AD—is a logical candidate, but studies to date have produced conflicting results on its utility.
Dementia Big
Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) could indicate preclinical Alzheimer’s disease, but the existing literature is confounded by heterogeneous approaches to studying SCD. We assessed the differential cognitive, affective, and neuroimaging correlates of two aspects of SCD: reporting high cognitive difficulties on a self-rated questionnaire versus consulting at a memory clinic.
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The aim of this study was to (1) replicate previous associations between six blood lipids and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (Proitsi et al 2015) and (2) identify novel associations between lipids, clinical AD diagnosis, disease progression and brain atrophy (left/right hippocampus/entorhinal cortex).
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Individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) are at elevated risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia.
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A major obstacle to presymptomatic diagnosis and disease-modifying therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is inadequate understanding of molecular mechanisms of AD pathogenesis. For example, impaired brain insulin signaling is an AD hallmark, but whether and how it might contribute to the synaptic dysfunction and neuron death that underlie memory and cognitive impairment has been mysterious. Neuron death in AD is often caused by cell cycle reentry (CCR) mediated by amyloid-β oligomers (AβOs) and tau, the precursors of plaques and tangles.
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Late-life depression is frequently associated with cognitive impairment. Depressive symptoms are often associated with or even precede a dementia syndrome. Moreover, depressive disorders increase the risk of persistence for mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Here, we present both the current state of evidence and future perspectives regarding the integration and value of clinical assessments, neuropsychological, neurochemical, and neuroimaging biomarkers for the etiological classification of the dementia versus the depression syndrome and for the prognosis of depression relating to dementia risk.
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We examined the association between decreased cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and subjective cognitive decline (SCD).
It’s over a hundred years since the first case of Alzheimer’s disease was diagnosed. Since then we’ve learned a great deal about the protein ‘tangles’ and 'plaques’ that cause the disease. How close are we to having effective treatments – and could we even prevent dementia from occurring in the first place?
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Tau PET is a new and promising imaging method for Alzheimer’s disease. A case study from Lund University in Sweden now confirms that tau PET images correspond to a higher degree to actual changes in the brain. According to the researchers behind the study, this increases opportunities for developing effective drugs.
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Tau PET is a new and promising imaging method for Alzheimer’s disease. A case study from Lund University in Sweden now confirms that tau PET images correspond to a higher degree to actual changes in the brain. According to the researchers behind the study, this increases opportunities for developing effective drugs.
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Previous studies have demonstrated that an overall high level of mental work demands decreased dementia risk. In our study, we investigated whether this effect is driven by specific mental work demands and whether it is exposure dependent.
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Amyloid imaging has been integrated into diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). How amyloid tracers binding differ for different tracer structure and amyloid-β aggregate in autosomal dominant AD (ADAD) and sporadic AD is unclear.
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Brain structural changes in preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are poorly understood.
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Biomarkers that identify individuals at risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development would be highly valuable. Plasma concentration of amyloid-β (Aβ)—central in the pathogenesis of AD—is a logical candidate, but studies to date have produced conflicting results on its utility.
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More than 5 million Americans are living with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) today, and nearly two-thirds of Americans with AD are women. This sex difference may be due to the higher longevity women generally experience; however, increasing evidence suggests that longevity alone is not a sufficient explanation and there may be other factors at play. The Alzheimer’s Association convened an expert think tank to focus on the state of the science and level of evidence around gender and biological sex differences for AD, including the knowledge gaps and areas of science that need to be more fully addressed.
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A pathological pathway leading from soluble to insoluble and filamentous Tau underlies human tauopathies. This ordered assembly causes disease and is the gain-of-toxic function. It involves the transition from an intrinsically disordered monomer to a highly structured filament. Based on recent findings, one can divide the ordered assembly into propagation of pathology and neurodegeneration. Short tau fibrils constitute the major species of seed-competent tau in the brains of mice transgenic for human P301S tau.
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Dementia Big
More than 5 million Americans are living with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) today, and nearly two-thirds of Americans with AD are women. This sex difference may be due to the higher longevity women generally experience; however, increasing evidence suggests that longevity alone is not a sufficient explanation and there may be other factors at play. The Alzheimer’s Association convened an expert think tank to focus on the state of the science and level of evidence around gender and biological sex differences for AD, including the knowledge gaps and areas of science that need to be more fully addressed.
Dementia Big
A pathological pathway leading from soluble to insoluble and filamentous Tau underlies human tauopathies. This ordered assembly causes disease and is the gain-of-toxic function. It involves the transition from an intrinsically disordered monomer to a highly structured filament. Based on recent findings, one can divide the ordered assembly into propagation of pathology and neurodegeneration. Short tau fibrils constitute the major species of seed-competent tau in the brains of mice transgenic for human P301S tau.
Stuttering, an interruption in the flow of speech, affects about three million Americans. It begins most often in childhood, affecting four men for every woman. A precise cause of this complex communicative disorder is not known.
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Work in the past 10 years has greatly expanded our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) genetics, with more than 20 susceptibility genetic loci discovered in large genome-wide association and sequencing studies. The NIA Genetics of Alzheimer’s Disease Data Storage Site (NIAGADS) is funded by National Institute on Aging to serve as a one-stop portal for the community to access research data and findings generated from AD genetics projects. In this article, we describe the mission of NIAGADS, available resources, and data sets including the Alzheimer’s Disease Sequencing Project, and how researchers may apply for access to genetic data.
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Dementia Big
Stuttering, an interruption in the flow of speech, affects about three million Americans. It begins most often in childhood, affecting four men for every woman. A precise cause of this complex communicative disorder is not known.
Dementia Big
Work in the past 10 years has greatly expanded our understanding of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) genetics, with more than 20 susceptibility genetic loci discovered in large genome-wide association and sequencing studies. The NIA Genetics of Alzheimer’s Disease Data Storage Site (NIAGADS) is funded by National Institute on Aging to serve as a one-stop portal for the community to access research data and findings generated from AD genetics projects. In this article, we describe the mission of NIAGADS, available resources, and data sets including the Alzheimer’s Disease Sequencing Project, and how researchers may apply for access to genetic data.
Dementia Big
Knowing that many clinicians find it difficult to correctly diagnose patients with Lewy body dementia, researchers at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center set out to develop a clinical profile for these patients. Their findings are published online in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease.
Dementia Big
Today (September 21) is World Alzheimer’s Day, and over a hundred years since the first case of Alzheimer’s disease was diagnosed. Since then we’ve learned a great deal about the protein ‘tangles’ and 'plaques’ that cause the disease. How close are we to having effective treatments – and could we even prevent dementia from occurring in the first place?
Dementia Big
Scotland has a strong legacy as one of the pioneers of medical imaging. In the late 70s, Aberdeen University became the first institution to develop a full body MRI scanner; the system named the Mark I prototype was an enormous step forward for healthcare.
Dementia Big
The type of fat you eat matters, but a new study suggests that the benefits of good fats vanish when stress enters the picture.
Knowing that many clinicians find it difficult to correctly diagnose patients with Lewy body dementia, researchers at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center set out to develop a clinical profile for these patients. Their findings are published online in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease.
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Today (September 21) is World Alzheimer’s Day, and over a hundred years since the first case of Alzheimer’s disease was diagnosed. Since then we’ve learned a great deal about the protein ‘tangles’ and 'plaques’ that cause the disease. How close are we to having effective treatments – and could we even prevent dementia from occurring in the first place?
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Scotland has a strong legacy as one of the pioneers of medical imaging. In the late 70s, Aberdeen University became the first institution to develop a full body MRI scanner; the system named the Mark I prototype was an enormous step forward for healthcare.
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The type of fat you eat matters, but a new study suggests that the benefits of good fats vanish when stress enters the picture.
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Dementia Big
A team at the MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, based at Imperial College London, has found an important part of the machinery that switches on a gene known to protect against Alzheimer’s Disease.
Dementia Big
A new study of classical Chinese medical texts identifies references to age-related memory impairment similar to modern-day Alzheimer’s disease, and to several plant-based ingredients used centuries ago—and still in use today—to treat memory impairment. Experimental studies of five of these traditional Chinese medicines suggest that they have biological activity relevant to Alzheimer’s disease, according to an article in The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine.
Dementia Big
A new study of classical Chinese medical texts identifies references to age-related memory impairment similar to modern-day Alzheimer’s disease, and to several plant-based ingredients used centuries ago – and still in use today – to treat memory impairment.
Dementia Big
A new report from Alzheimer’s Disease International, authored by researchers at King’s College London and the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), reveals that most people with dementia have yet to receive a diagnosis, let alone comprehensive and continuing healthcare.
A new study of classical Chinese medical texts identifies references to age-related memory impairment similar to modern-day Alzheimer’s disease, and to several plant-based ingredients used centuries ago—and still in use today—to treat memory impairment. Experimental studies of five of these traditional Chinese medicines suggest that they have biological activity relevant to Alzheimer’s disease, according to an article in The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine.
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A team at the MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, based at Imperial College London, has found an important part of the machinery that switches on a gene known to protect against Alzheimer’s Disease.
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A new study of classical Chinese medical texts identifies references to age-related memory impairment similar to modern-day Alzheimer’s disease, and to several plant-based ingredients used centuries ago – and still in use today – to treat memory impairment.
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A new report from Alzheimer’s Disease International, authored by researchers at King’s College London and the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE), reveals that most people with dementia have yet to receive a diagnosis, let alone comprehensive and continuing healthcare.
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“By taking the correct steps, it is possible to delay or alleviate the early clinical symptoms of Alzheimer’s such as forgetfulness,” stresses Peter Dal-Bianco, Alzheimer’s expert at MedUni Vienna’s Department of Neurology, speaking on the occasion of World Alzheimer’s Day on 21 September. A recent study from Finland and Sweden confirms the findings of MedUni Vienna researchers. For example, it was found that “multimodal everyday training” has a beneficial effect upon cognitive abilities such as planning and implementing projects.
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Soaring rates of population growth and ageing have long been seen as portending a global explosion of Alzheimer’s, the debilitating disease that robs older people of their memory and independence.
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Dementia Big
“By taking the correct steps, it is possible to delay or alleviate the early clinical symptoms of Alzheimer’s such as forgetfulness,” stresses Peter Dal-Bianco, Alzheimer’s expert at MedUni Vienna’s Department of Neurology, speaking on the occasion of World Alzheimer’s Day on 21 September. A recent study from Finland and Sweden confirms the findings of MedUni Vienna researchers. For example, it was found that “multimodal everyday training” has a beneficial effect upon cognitive abilities such as planning and implementing projects.
Dementia Big
Soaring rates of population growth and ageing have long been seen as portending a global explosion of Alzheimer’s, the debilitating disease that robs older people of their memory and independence.
With the aging of the population, the incidence of dementia is increasing. The most common type of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, accounts for more than 60% of all dementia cases. According to current estimates, nearly 36 million people worldwide suffer from Alzheimer’s disease, with evidence suggesting that more than 115 million people will be affected with Alzheimer’s disease by the year 2050, unless there are medical breakthroughs to prevent or cure the disease.
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New research led by Northeastern University suggests that Alzheimer’s disease may not progress like falling dominoes, as conventional wisdom holds, with one molecular event sparking the formation of plaques throughout the brain. Instead, it may progress like a fireworks display, with a unique flare launching each plaque, one by one.
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Dementia Big
With the aging of the population, the incidence of dementia is increasing. The most common type of dementia, Alzheimer’s disease, accounts for more than 60% of all dementia cases. According to current estimates, nearly 36 million people worldwide suffer from Alzheimer’s disease, with evidence suggesting that more than 115 million people will be affected with Alzheimer’s disease by the year 2050, unless there are medical breakthroughs to prevent or cure the disease.
Dementia Big
New research led by Northeastern University suggests that Alzheimer’s disease may not progress like falling dominoes, as conventional wisdom holds, with one molecular event sparking the formation of plaques throughout the brain. Instead, it may progress like a fireworks display, with a unique flare launching each plaque, one by one.
Dementia Big
Spherical structures in the nucleus of nerve cells, so-called nuclear spheres, are suspected to trigger Alzheimer’s disease. A team headed by Dr Thorsten Müller from the research group Cell Signaling in Neurodegeneration has for the very first time demonstrated the presence of the presumably toxic protein aggregates in the human brain. The researchers from Ruhr-Universität Bochum have published their article in the journal Neurobiology of Aging.
Dementia Big
Alzheimer’s Research UK, the UK’s leading dementia research charity, is calling for an urgent plan for managing how new medicines are brought to patients, in a report that highlights several obstacles it fears could delay delivery of the next wave of dementia treatments.
Dementia Big
Food intolerances are caused by adverse reactions to food or drink ingredients in your body. These are very different to food allergies. It is estimated that up to forty-five percent of the population suffers from food intolerances.
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Wayne State University has received a $3.6 million grant from the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health for a project that will advance knowledge of brain aging, its relation to cognitive performance and the role of common vascular and metabolic risk factors in shaping the trajectories of aging.
Food intolerances are caused by adverse reactions to food or drink ingredients in your body. These are very different to food allergies. It is estimated that up to forty-five percent of the population suffers from food intolerances.
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Spherical structures in the nucleus of nerve cells, so-called nuclear spheres, are suspected to trigger Alzheimer’s disease. A team headed by Dr Thorsten Müller from the research group Cell Signaling in Neurodegeneration has for the very first time demonstrated the presence of the presumably toxic protein aggregates in the human brain. The researchers from Ruhr-Universität Bochum have published their article in the journal Neurobiology of Aging.
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Alzheimer’s Research UK, the UK’s leading dementia research charity, is calling for an urgent plan for managing how new medicines are brought to patients, in a report that highlights several obstacles it fears could delay delivery of the next wave of dementia treatments.
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Wayne State University has received a $3.6 million grant from the National Institute on Aging of the National Institutes of Health for a project that will advance knowledge of brain aging, its relation to cognitive performance and the role of common vascular and metabolic risk factors in shaping the trajectories of aging.
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Dementia Big
While Zika remains a hot topic in the news, a new survey by Mayo Clinic reveals that Americans believe the country’s most significant health care challenge is cancer.
Dementia Big
The brains of millions of people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease are slowly and inescapably being depleted of neurons, but the cause of neuronal death is still unknown. Several studies propose that the interaction of the amyloid-beta protein with the neuronal membrane causes neurotoxicity.
Dementia Big
The symptoms of dementia take on different forms and vary from person to person. Long before diagnosis, individuals and their family and friends may notice changes in behaviour, mood, and cognitive and physical functioning.
Dementia Big
New UBC research finds that many online resources for preventing Alzheimer’s disease are problematic and could be steering people in the wrong direction.
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Relying on clinical symptoms of memory loss to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease may miss other forms of dementia caused by Alzheimer’s that don’t initially affect memory, reports a new Northwestern Medicine study.
Dementia Big
New UBC research finds that many online resources for preventing Alzheimer’s disease are problematic and could be steering people in the wrong direction.
Dementia Big
Relying on clinical symptoms of memory loss to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease may miss other forms of dementia caused by Alzheimer’s that don’t initially affect memory, reports a new Northwestern Medicine study.
The symptoms of dementia take on different forms and vary from person to person. Long before diagnosis, individuals and their family and friends may notice changes in behaviour, mood, and cognitive and physical functioning.
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While Zika remains a hot topic in the news, a new survey by Mayo Clinic reveals that Americans believe the country’s most significant health care challenge is cancer.
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New UBC research finds that many online resources for preventing Alzheimer’s disease are problematic and could be steering people in the wrong direction.
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The brains of millions of people suffering from Alzheimer’s disease are slowly and inescapably being depleted of neurons, but the cause of neuronal death is still unknown. Several studies propose that the interaction of the amyloid-beta protein with the neuronal membrane causes neurotoxicity.
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New UBC research finds that many online resources for preventing Alzheimer’s disease are problematic and could be steering people in the wrong direction.
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Relying on clinical symptoms of memory loss to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease may miss other forms of dementia caused by Alzheimer’s that don’t initially affect memory, reports a new Northwestern Medicine study.
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Relying on clinical symptoms of memory loss to diagnose Alzheimer’s disease may miss other forms of dementia caused by Alzheimer’s that don’t initially affect memory, reports a new Northwestern Medicine study.
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Dementia Big
Researchers have clarified important mechanisms involved in the formation of neural circuits in the brain.
Dementia Big
Laser technology has revealed a common trait of Alzheimer’s disease - a sticky situation that could lead to new targets for medicinal treatments.
Researchers have clarified important mechanisms involved in the formation of neural circuits in the brain.
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Laser technology has revealed a common trait of Alzheimer’s disease - a sticky situation that could lead to new targets for medicinal treatments.
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Vienna and MedUni Vienna are currently the hotspot for brain health: this coming Thursday, the very first “Brain Day” will be held for a lay audience in the Van Swieten Hall of the Medical University of Vienna.
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Dementia Big
Vienna and MedUni Vienna are currently the hotspot for brain health: this coming Thursday, the very first “Brain Day” will be held for a lay audience in the Van Swieten Hall of the Medical University of Vienna.
A new study of 3050 twins finds moderately vigorous physical activity – i.e., more strenuous than walking – to be associated with better cognition in a 25-year follow-up.
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A new study of 3050 twins finds moderately vigorous physical activity - i.e., more strenuous than walking - to be associated with better cognition in a 25-year follow-up.
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One in every two older persons who have suffered a hip fracture will never be as physically active and independent as they were before.
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Dementia Big
A new study of 3050 twins finds moderately vigorous physical activity – i.e., more strenuous than walking – to be associated with better cognition in a 25-year follow-up.
Dementia Big
A new study of 3050 twins finds moderately vigorous physical activity - i.e., more strenuous than walking - to be associated with better cognition in a 25-year follow-up.
Dementia Big
One in every two older persons who have suffered a hip fracture will never be as physically active and independent as they were before.
Dementia Big
Alzheimer’s Research UK is calling for access to EU funding programmes to be made a priority in Brexit negotiations, as a poll of dementia scientists highlights fears that Britain’s exit from the EU will lead to a loss of funding for research.
Alzheimer’s Research UK is calling for access to EU funding programmes to be made a priority in Brexit negotiations, as a poll of dementia scientists highlights fears that Britain’s exit from the EU will lead to a loss of funding for research.
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During a 15-month period between February 2010 and April 2011, video data on (n = 38) people with dementia were collected during a person-centered and intergenerational arts activity program called Opening Minds through Art (OMA) at three different long-term care facilities in Ohio. A subsample of the OMA participants (n = 10) were also video recorded during traditional visual arts activities (e.g. coloring books, scrapbooking). A modified version of the Greater Cincinnati Chapter Well-Being Observation Tool© was used to code the intensity and frequency of observed domains of well-being (i.e. social interest, engagement, and pleasure) and ill-being (i.e. disengagement, negative affect, sadness, and confusion). Descriptive results indicate a high percentage of moderate or high intensities of well-being during OMA sessions with little to no ill-being. Paired-sample t-tests comparing OMA vs. traditional visual arts activities showed significantly higher intensity scores for OMA in the domain of engagement and pleasure, as well as significantly lower intensity scores for disengagement. The findings of this exploratory study contribute to the overall discussion about the impact of person-centered, creative-expressive arts activities on people with dementia.
Cognitive impairment (CI) is one of several factors known to influence hospitalization, hospital length of stay, and rehospitalization among older adults. Redesigning care delivery systems sensitive to the influence of CI may reduce acute care utilization while improving care quality. To develop a foundation of fundamental needs for health care redesign, we conducted focus groups with inpatient and outpatient providers to identify barriers, facilitators, and suggestions for improvements in care delivery for patients with CI.
Design and methodsFocus group sessions were conducted with providers to identify their approach to caring for cognitively impaired hospitalized adults; obstacles and facilitators to providing this care; and suggestions for improving the care process. Using a thematic analysis, two reviewers analyzed these transcripts to develop codes and themes.
ResultsSeven themes emerged from the focus group transcripts. These were: (1) reflections on serving the cognitively impaired population; (2) descriptions of perceived barriers to care; (3) strategies that improve or facilitate caring for hospitalized older adults; (4) the importance of fostering a hospital friendly to the needs of older adults; (5) the need for educating staff, patients, and caregivers; (6) the central role of good communication; and (7) steps needed to provide more effective care.
ImplicationsProviding effective acute care services to older adults with CI is an important challenge in health care reform. An understanding derived from the perspective of multiple professional disciplines is an important first step. Future research will build on this preliminary study in developing new acute care models for patients with CI.
Knowledge concerning professionals involved in dementia care throughout its trajectory is sparse; the focus has mainly been on nursing-home care and less on home care, diagnosis and treatment of the disease and its complications despite the fact that home care is the most prominent type of care. The aim of this study was to explore and describe professional care providers involved in dementia care and their educational level applying the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) and further to investigate practice in the RightTimePlaceCare-countries with regard to screening, diagnostic procedures and treatment of dementia and home care. The findings demonstrate more similarities than differences in terms of type of professionals involved among the countries although untrained staff were more common in some countries. Findings also show that many types of professionals are involved, who to turn to may not be clear, for instance in terms of medical specialities and it may be unclear who bears the ultimate responsibility. The professionals involved in diagnosis, treatment and care are educated to bachelor’s level or above whilst everyday care is provided by people trained at a lower ISCED level or with no formal training. Registered nurses as well as occupational therapists have bachelor’s degrees in most countries, but not in Germany or Estonia. Professionals specifically trained in dementia care are not so common. Further research is needed to reveal not only who provides the diagnostics and treatment, but also how home care is organised and quality assured. Many different types of professionals serve as providers along the trajectory of the disease which may be difficult for the patient and the informal caregiver to cope with.
End of life decisions for people with advanced dementia are reported as often being difficult for families as they attempt to make appropriate and justified decisions.
AimTo explore the experiences of advance care planning amongst family caregivers of people with advanced dementia.
DesignQualitative research including a series of single cases (close family relatives).
MethodsA purposive sample of 12 family caregivers within a specialist dementia unit was interviewed about their experiences of advance care planning between August 2009 and February 2010.
Results/FindingsFamily caregivers need encouragement to ask the right questions during advance care planning to discuss the appropriateness of nursing and medical interventions at the end of life.
ConclusionsAdvance care planning can be facilitated with the family caregiver in the context of everyday practice within the nursing home environment for older people with dementia.
There are a number of therapies currently available to assist healthcare professionals and carers with non-pharmacological treatment for people living with dementia. One such therapy that has been growing in clinical practice is doll therapy. Providing dolls to some people living with dementia has the potential to enhance personal well-being through increased levels of communication and engagement with others. Despite its potential for benefits, the practice is currently under-developed in healthcare literature, probably due to varied ethical interpretations of its practice.
AimTo undertake a critical review of the published literature on doll therapy, using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme Checklist (CASP) tool, in order to determine the potential benefits and challenges of this therapy for people living with dementia.
DesignA comprehensive literature search, incorporating the CINAHL, Medline, Embase, PubMed, Joanna Briggs, Cochrane Library and PsycINFO data bases, was conducted.
ConclusionsDespite many commentaries and anecdotal accounts of the practice, this review identified only 11 empirical studies that were eligible. The majority of studies found that the use of dolls could be therapeutic for some people living with dementia by reporting increased levels of engagement, communication and reduction in episodes of distress. Some studies identified limitations to the therapy including; confusion over the ownership of the doll and healthcare professional uncertainty about issues pertaining to autonomy.
Relevance to clinical practiceAccording to this review, doll therapy has the potential to increase the well-being of some people living with dementia. This review illuminates that some healthcare professionals feel uncomfortable about its use in clinical practice. The operationalisation of doll therapy in clinical practice has been shown to be inconsistent with different approaches to the practice being advocated. This highlights the need for further empirical research to identify best practice and education to increase awareness in both healthcare professional and carer populations.
Many people living with dementia are supported at home using a variety of health and social care services. This paper reports the findings from a focus group study undertaken with staff in community mental health teams to explore areas for improvement in relation to national policies and recommendations for dementia care. Two focus groups were held with staff (n = 23) in 2011 to discuss topics including service delivery, information and communication, and provision of health and community care for people with dementia. Respondents identified problems with information sharing and incompatible electronic systems; inflexibility in home care services; and poor recognition of dementia in hospital settings. General practitioners had developed a greater awareness of the disease and some community services worked well. They felt that budgetary constraints and a focus on quality indicators impeded good dementia care. Key areas suggested by staff for improvements in dementia care included the implementation of more flexible services, dementia training for health and social care staff, and better quality care in acute hospital settings.
Although the cause and the cure for dementia remain unknown, it is clear that environmental factors can offer relief of cognitive impairment and encourage emotional stability. The purpose was to explore dementia patients’ experiences of a media presentation including images of nature. Combining a qualitative approach with quantitative data analysis, the project exposed 23 participants to slide show presentations of fascinating natural scenes over 4 weeks. The patients’ feelings and experiences of the media presentations were investigated using semistructured interviews and daily chart reviews in which weekly behavioral changes. The experience of natural scenes in dementia patients’ everyday atmosphere became a new and positive aspect of life at the long-term nursing facility, although the quantitative data did not significantly change during the project. This treatment could provide dementia patients with a nurturing relationship, making nature a supportive part of their everyday experience.
This research investigated narrative production and use with families living with dementia. We hypothesised that the process of narrative production would be beneficial to people with dementia and carers, and would elicit important learning for health and social care professionals.
MethodThrough third sector partners, we recruited community-dwelling people with dementia and carers who consented to develop written, audiotaped or videotaped narratives. Audio-taped narratives were transcribed verbatim and handwritten narratives word-processed. After checking by participants, completed narratives were analysed thematically using qualitative data analysis computer software. A summary of the analysis was circulated to participants, inviting feedback: the analysis was then reviewed. A feedback questionnaire was subsequently circulated to participants, and responses were analysed thematically.
ResultsTwenty-one carers and 20 people with dementia participated in the project. Four themes of support were identified: ‘relationships’, ‘services’, ‘prior experience of coping’ and having an ‘explanation for the dementia’. Three themes were identified as possible additional stresses: ‘emotions’, ‘physical health’ and ‘identity’. We suggest a model incorporating all these themes, which appeared to contribute to three further themes; ‘experience of dementia’, ‘approaches to coping’ and ‘looking to the future’. In participant feedback, the main themes identified were ‘emotions’, ‘putting things in perspective’, ‘sharing or not sharing the narrative’ and ‘actions resulting’.
ConclusionsProducing a narrative is a valuable and engaging experience for people with dementia and carers, and is likely to contribute to the quality of dementia care. Further research is needed to establish how narrative production could be incorporated into routine practice.
Due to changing cognitive and functional capabilities, individuals with dementia face challenging care-related issues such as feelings of embarrassment, relationship strain, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Limited research exists examining individuals with dementia’s perceptions and concerns about these issues and how their perspectives can impact the quality and process of their illness experience.
Design and methodsAs part of a larger study, individuals with dementia (n = 114) answered five open-ended questions about their illness experience including: (1) daily routine, (2) concerns about memory loss, (3) relationships with others, (4) fears, and (5) what they wish others understood/knew. For each question, individuals with dementia’s responses were analyzed for common themes within and across questions.
ResultsIndividuals with dementia commented on a wide range of issues involving their memory loss, including negative emotional impacts, future concerns and illness progression, forgetting, loss of independence, and the negative and positive influences on interpersonal relationships. Across questions, many individuals also stated that their memory loss did not significantly impact their lives.
ImplicationsDiscussion highlights how these findings can be used to expand our understanding of individuals with dementia’s illness experience and to develop efficacious interventions for addressing negative aspects of living with memory loss while supporting positive aspects.
The ability to perform instrumental activities of daily living deteriorates early in dementia and affects people with dementia and their carers. However, little is known about individual instrumental activities of daily living impairments. This study therefore investigated instrumental activities of daily living deficits in mild dementia by exploring the relationship between instrumental activities of daily living initiative and performance and general cognition, people with dementia quality of life and carer stress. Moreover, this study explored the contribution of social instrumental activities of daily livings, which to date have received little or no attention.
Methods:Twenty carers were administered a revised Interview for Deterioration for Daily Living Activities in Dementia and measures of carer stress (General Health Questionnaire-12) and quality of life in dementia (Quality of Life in Alzheimer’s Disease). The people with dementia completed measures of general cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination and Montreal Cognitive Assessment). Data were analysed using frequency and bivariate correlation analyses and basic thematic analysis was employed to the qualitative data on carer stress.
Results:Carer interviews showed that instrumental activities of daily living impairments were associated more with performance than with initiative deficits. Increased social isolation and reluctance to engage in hobbies were particularly stressful to carers and impacted negatively on the people with dementia quality of life, yet were not reported as critical in the qualitative assessment.
Conclusions:This study shows that people with mild dementia are impaired to different degrees on their initiative and performance of instrumental activities of daily livings and that impairments relating to social activities particularly relate to well-being. The revised Interview for Deterioration for Daily Living Activities in Dementia with its social instrumental activities of daily livings can help shift the focus of interventions to address those activities that are frequently impaired in mild dementia and relate to people with dementia and carer well-being.
The growing interest in early-onset dementia has attracted attention to the situation and experiences of the caregiver, most often the spouse. Several qualitative studies on caregiving spouses have underlined the importance of the feeling of loss, the change of role reported by the caregiving spouses, and the strategies used to protect the person with dementia, all of which raise the question of the relational dynamics at play in these dyads. The present study on 16 couples examines the experiences of each partner, as well as the kinds of interactions taking place within the dyad and how they have evolved since the disease began.
DesignAn interpretative phenomenological analysis was conducted on dyadic semi-structured interviews.
ResultsSeven axes emerged from the analyses, showing that control over symptoms gradually leads to deterioration of marital interactions and to the components of marital dissolution.
Learning about changes in communication of Deaf with dementia (DWD) is important in order to improve services and support DWD and their families. We explored family members’ views on the changes in communication DWD have and the ways communication was adapted due to progression of dementia.
MethodsA qualitative content analysis of thematic interviews that were conducted with eight close family members of DWD.
ResultsWith decreasing vocabulary and increasing sign-finding difficulties, conversations became poorer, and DWD tended to diverge from the topic. Nonverbal communication became more important as the verbal communication abilities of DWD deteriorated, and the adult children took a more active role by taking initiative and guiding conversations.
ConclusionDWD seem to go through similar changes in communication as hearing people with dementia. Adult children of DWD need to get used to interpreting and assisting their parent’s communication through different phases of dementia.
In this study, the practical application of Integrative Validation Therapy (IVA) in a nursing home for people with dementia was investigated and evaluated from the perspectives of professionals and relatives by using Fourth Generation Evaluation. IVA, a complex intervention frequently applied in Germany’s long-term care settings, is a modification of Feil’s Validation Therapy and contains a specific attitude and several components of action. The findings demonstrate that professionals as well as relatives of nursing home residents gave the intervention a positive rating. From the perspective of the participating professionals, the application of IVA results in less agitated residents which also has an influence on the consumption of benzodiazepine and neuroleptics. The authors conclude that IVA is a beneficial nursing intervention helping to facilitate the illness-related transition process of people with dementia. IVA is able to support them to cope with emotional distress during transition (e.g. irritability, anxiety, depression, changes in self-esteem). Another conclusion is that IVA supports person-centred care because, with IVA, professionals react to typical needs people with dementia have: comfort, inclusion, attachment and identity (Kitwood, 2012).
Audiences must be critical of film representations of the aged woman living with Alzheimer’s disease and of dangerous reinscriptions of stereotypical equations about ageing as deterioration. This paper analyses the representation and decline of the aged woman through the different voices of Iris Murdoch in Richard Eyre’s film Iris (2001). Key vocal scenes are considered: On-screen encounters between young and aged Iris, vocal representations of dementia symptoms and silencing Iris as her disease progresses. Further, Iris’ recurrent unaccompanied song, “The Lark in the Clear Air,” compels audiences to “see” Iris with their ears more than with their eyes, exemplifying the representational power of sound in film. This paper is an appeal for increased debate about sonic representations of aged women, ageing and Alzheimer’s disease and dementia in film. The significance of audiences’ critical awareness and understanding about the social implications of these representations is discussed.
The introduction of a person-centred care (PCC) approach to dementia care has been a major paradigmatic shift in the care provision in residential settings for older adults in Ireland. However, policy implementation in nursing homes relies very much on the preparedness of nursing staff. This study explored this through semi-structured interviews with care assistants in two nursing homes which professed to support the PCC philosophy. We addressed their knowledge and perspectives of person-centred dementia care and views on various factors affecting its delivery. Findings showed considerable disparity between policy and practice, in particular because care assistants lacked clarity on what PCC is and reported that they were not educated in it. Notwithstanding this, carers’ perspectives on ‘good care’ for people with dementia included elements of PCC which suggested its ‘implicit’ use in practice. Besides the necessity of more (and more explicit) training on PCC, the findings also suggest concerns around communication between staff and management and the need for improvement of staffing resources and available time in residential settings in order to make the delivery of person-centred dementia care a reality.
Hospital admission of a person with dementia can have a significant impact on the family carer, who temporarily relinquishes caring to health professionals. A descriptive qualitative design using in-depth interviews with a conversational approach was used to elicit data. Adjusting to the change in the carer’s role can be challenging and result in feelings of helplessness, loneliness, loss of control and being undervalued. Family support can assist with the transition but family conflict increases anxiety. Good communication between clinicians and the carer is vital. The carer should be included in decision-making as the ‘expert’ in the care of the person with dementia. This article discusses findings of a larger study specifically related to the emotional support required for the carers of people with dementia, who are admitted to hospital. The carer and the patient must be considered as a dyad in relation to discharge planning.
Dementia is a challenge in our society, with individuals accessing services across multiple settings. Carers are navigating and delivering care services in the home. This research sought to investigate the experiences of people with dementia and their carers when transitioning home from hospital.
MethodsThis study used a qualitative descriptive design, employing in-depth interviews with 30 carers recruited through networks known to one state branch of Alzheimer’s Australia. Emerging themes were validated in one focus group.
ResultsDuring the hospital stay carers experienced a paradox: being required to deliver care yet perceiving that they were being ignored in regard to decisions about care. The time in hospital was considered by some carers to be stressful, as they were concerned about the safety of the person with dementia. Many reported that discharge home was rarely planned and coordinated. Returning home carers found re-establishing and/or accessing new services challenging, with available services often inappropriate to need.
ConclusionThe paradox of the care experience in the acute setting, whereby the carer was either invited, or sought, to deliver care, yet was excluded in staff decisions about that care, challenges the current communication and coordination of care. For people with dementia and their carers, there is a need for a coordinated seamless service that enables continued unbroken care and support from acute care to home. Carers also need support navigating the wide range of services available and importantly both carers and care providers may need to understand service boundaries.
RecommendationsThis study highlights the need to acknowledge the expertise of the carer, and their need for support. Enabling a smooth discharge from hospital and support to navigate care access in the community is paramount. These experiences provide insight into gaps in service provision and modifying existing services may lead to improved experiences.
While social work practice with people with dementia and their families has a long but largely hidden history, it is an emerging area of specialism. The increased incidence, prevalence and recognition of dementia suggest that this area of practice will expand and so learning from previous practice may offer helpful insights. This paper describes and reflects upon social work practice with ‘dements’ in the 1950s in England. It draws on a reading of a small book written by a psychiatric social worker, Miss M (Muriel) H Bree, outlining her role in providing after-care to patients with neuro-syphilis who had been discharged from hospital to live with their families between 1942 and 1952 through her consideration of 275 case records and seven illustrative case studies. As a historical document, Bree’s account presents a rich description of the patients and their social circumstances in post-war Britain; an account of practice from a hospital based setting that reached into the community, and of the engagement of a social worker with her clients and their family members. Threads and continuities with contemporary social work practice with people with dementia are explored; particularly work with family carers, younger people with dementia, and the value placed upon continuity of care.
There are currently no internationally recognised and approved processes relating to the care of older persons with dementia in prison. This research aimed to develop tools and procedures related to managing the care of, including the identification and assessment of, older persons with dementia who are imprisoned in New South Wales, Australia. A modified approach to the Policy Delphi method, using both surveys and facilitated discussion groups, enabled experts to come together to discuss improving the quality of care provision for older persons with dementia in prison and achieve research aims.
Mild cognitive impairment is a heterogeneous clinical state whereby assessed cognitive changes over time may progress to dementia, remain stable or revert to back to normal. This study aimed to identify, through discourse analysis, how people with a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment used language in order to reveal the societal views and shared meanings of the diagnosis, and the positions taken by people. Seven people with mild cognitive impairment were interviewed, and three discourses emerged during analysis. One of the discourses revealed was ‘Not Knowing’ about mild cognitive impairment. Furthermore, in the absence of a coherent discourse related to mild cognitive impairment, participants went on to position themselves between two more familiar discourse; ‘Knowing’ about ageing and dying and ‘Not Wanting to Know’ about dementia. Clinicians must consider how information is presented to people about mild cognitive impairment, including where mild cognitive impairment is positioned in respect to normal ageing and dementia.
An internationally significant study of healthy twins, 65 years of age or older, has unlocked important clues about how genes influence the development of key grey matter structures, paving the way for a genetic blueprint of the human brain.
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New research suggests that Alzheimer’s disease may trigger increased expression of an enzyme called lysozyme, which attempts to counteract amyloid build-up in the brain.
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Dementia Big
New research suggests that Alzheimer’s disease may trigger increased expression of an enzyme called lysozyme, which attempts to counteract amyloid build-up in the brain.
Dementia Big
An internationally significant study of healthy twins, 65 years of age or older, has unlocked important clues about how genes influence the development of key grey matter structures, paving the way for a genetic blueprint of the human brain.
CUBRIC is one of the top neuroimaging research centres in the UK and has grown rapidly since it opened in 2006. CUBRIC is expected to become an international hub for neuroimaging, unique in Europe.
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Dementia Big
CUBRIC is one of the top neuroimaging research centres in the UK and has grown rapidly since it opened in 2006. CUBRIC is expected to become an international hub for neuroimaging, unique in Europe.
Dementia Big
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) – especially apathy, depression, agitation, psychosis, and sleep disorders – are among the most prominent and distressing symptoms of people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), yet they remain under-recognized, and effective treatments are limited. The Alzheimer's Association’s Research Roundtable (AARR), a consortium of scientists from academia, industry, and regulatory agencies, explored the nature, complexities, and possible avenues for improved treatment at its spring meeting May 23-24, 2016, in Washington, DC.
Dementia Big
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) – especially apathy, depression, agitation, psychosis, and sleep disorders – are among the most prominent and distressing symptoms of people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), yet they remain under-recognized, and effective treatments are limited. The Alzheimer's Association’s Research Roundtable (AARR), a consortium of scientists from academia, industry, and regulatory agencies, explored the nature, complexities, and possible avenues for improved treatment at its spring meeting May 23-24, 2016, in Washington, DC.
A retired dentist has made a huge donation to Alzheimer’s Society in memory of his late wife.
Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) – especially apathy, depression, agitation, psychosis, and sleep disorders – are among the most prominent and distressing symptoms of people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), yet they remain under-recognized, and effective treatments are limited. The Alzheimer's Association’s Research Roundtable (AARR), a consortium of scientists from academia, industry, and regulatory agencies, explored the nature, complexities, and possible avenues for improved treatment at its spring meeting May 23-24, 2016, in Washington, DC.
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Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) – especially apathy, depression, agitation, psychosis, and sleep disorders – are among the most prominent and distressing symptoms of people with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), yet they remain under-recognized, and effective treatments are limited. The Alzheimer's Association’s Research Roundtable (AARR), a consortium of scientists from academia, industry, and regulatory agencies, explored the nature, complexities, and possible avenues for improved treatment at its spring meeting May 23-24, 2016, in Washington, DC.
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Dementia Big
Recent findings have elucidated roles for mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) in neuronal plasticity and resistance to metabolic and oxidative stress. UCPs are induced by bioenergetic challenges such as caloric restriction and exercise and may protect neurons against dysfunction and degeneration. The pharmacological uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), which was once prescribed to >100,000 people as a treatment for obesity, stimulates several adaptive cellular stress-response signaling pathways in neurons including those involving the brain-derived neurotrophic factor, the transcription factor cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and autophagy.
Dementia Big
Dementia is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease, whose etiology results from a complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors.
Dementia Big
To identify incidence and prevalence of dementia in racial and ethnic populations in the United States.
Recent findings have elucidated roles for mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) in neuronal plasticity and resistance to metabolic and oxidative stress. UCPs are induced by bioenergetic challenges such as caloric restriction and exercise and may protect neurons against dysfunction and degeneration. The pharmacological uncoupler 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP), which was once prescribed to >100,000 people as a treatment for obesity, stimulates several adaptive cellular stress-response signaling pathways in neurons including those involving the brain-derived neurotrophic factor, the transcription factor cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB), and autophagy.
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To identify incidence and prevalence of dementia in racial and ethnic populations in the United States.
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Dementia is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease, whose etiology results from a complex interplay between environmental and genetic factors.
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It’s like a Fitbit on steroids. Researchers at Missouri University of Science and Technology have developed a multi-modal sensing device that can track the fine-grained activities and behavior of people with dementia — and it could help in Army combat training, too.
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A pioneering study led by researchers at the University of York’s Social Policy Research Unit (SPRU) shows that life story work has the potential to help people with dementia.
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New research suggests that lack of sleep and untreated depression may increase the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, even for those who do not have a genetic predisposition for the disease.
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What are the expectations of persons who decide to have their risk of Alzheimer’s Disease tested? What should doctors pay attention to when ascertaining individual risks? What is the benefit of risk determination for patients and their close others, while options to treat the disease remain insufficient?
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Dementia Big
A pioneering study led by researchers at the University of York’s Social Policy Research Unit (SPRU) shows that life story work has the potential to help people with dementia.
Dementia Big
It’s like a Fitbit on steroids. Researchers at Missouri University of Science and Technology have developed a multi-modal sensing device that can track the fine-grained activities and behavior of people with dementia — and it could help in Army combat training, too.
Dementia Big
What are the expectations of persons who decide to have their risk of Alzheimer’s Disease tested? What should doctors pay attention to when ascertaining individual risks? What is the benefit of risk determination for patients and their close others, while options to treat the disease remain insufficient?
Dementia Big
New research suggests that lack of sleep and untreated depression may increase the risk of Alzheimer’s disease, even for those who do not have a genetic predisposition for the disease.
A diet rich in pomegranates had significant positive impacts for the brain health of mice with Alzheimer’s disease, an international research team led by the Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA) at UNSW found.
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An experimental drug cleared protein buildup in the brains of people with mild Alzheimer’s disease and slowed their mental decline, the results of a preliminary trial showed Wednesday.
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Risk for suicide attempts and violent offending by children appears to be associated with their parents’ psychiatric disorders, according to an article published online by JAMA Psychiatry.
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The utilitarian chair. Its simple structure and function haven’t changed in millennia. But researchers at Missouri University of Science and Technology have made the humble chair a portal into not only a person’s movements, but also their mental state.
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Researchers in the University of Kentucky College of Public Health and UK College of Medicine recently published a landmark study examining the relationships between diabetes and two types of cognitive dysfunction, Alzheimer’s disease and cerebrovascular disease.
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A research team, led by Cardiff University, has made a significant step towards the development of a simple blood test to predict the onset of Alzheimer’s disease.
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Dementia Big
A diet rich in pomegranates had significant positive impacts for the brain health of mice with Alzheimer’s disease, an international research team led by the Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA) at UNSW found.
Dementia Big
The utilitarian chair. Its simple structure and function haven’t changed in millennia. But researchers at Missouri University of Science and Technology have made the humble chair a portal into not only a person’s movements, but also their mental state.
Dementia Big
Risk for suicide attempts and violent offending by children appears to be associated with their parents’ psychiatric disorders, according to an article published online by JAMA Psychiatry.
Dementia Big
An experimental drug cleared protein buildup in the brains of people with mild Alzheimer’s disease and slowed their mental decline, the results of a preliminary trial showed Wednesday.
Dementia Big
A research team, led by Cardiff University, has made a significant step towards the development of a simple blood test to predict the onset of Alzheimer’s disease.
Dementia Big
Researchers in the University of Kentucky College of Public Health and UK College of Medicine recently published a landmark study examining the relationships between diabetes and two types of cognitive dysfunction, Alzheimer’s disease and cerebrovascular disease.
